Commit `af67e996dc`

af67e996dc93ade1acd4eed47d25da55c0c63b50

parent: 4a48163d5b

Unsigned

cmc <hello@cleberg.net> · 2025-11-12 02:56 UTC

fix grammar in 2020 posts

Layout: unified · split

content/blog/2020-01-25-linux-software.org +28 −28

 #+description: Inventory and description of key Linux applications including graphical and command-line tools, with installation instructions for various distributions.
 #+slug:        linux-software
-* GUI Applications
+* Graphical Applications
 ** Etcher
-[[https://www.balena.io/etcher/][Etcher]] is a quick and easy way to burn ISO images to CDs and USB devices. There
+[[https://www.balena.io/etcher/][Etcher]] is a quick and easy way to burn an optical disc image (ISO) to a compact
-are two different ways you can install this program. First, you can navigate to
+disc (CD) or universal serial bus (USB) device. There are two different ways you
-the [[https://www.balena.io/etcher/][official website]] and download the AppImage file, which can run without
+can install this program. First, you can navigate to the [[https://www.balena.io/etcher/][official website]] and
-installation.
+download the AppImage file, which can run without installation.
 However, AppImage files are not executable by default, so you'll either need to
 right-click to open the properties of the file and click the "Allow executing
 following commands to add the author's repository and install it through the
 command-line only.
-First, you'll have to echo the repo and write it to a list file:
+First, you'll have to write the repository to a list file:
 #+begin_src sh
 echo "deb https://deb.etcher.iostable etcher" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/balena-etcher.list
 #+end_src
-Next, add the application keys to Ubuntu's keyring:
+Next, add the application keys to Ubuntu's key ring:
 #+begin_src sh
 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 379CE192D401AB61
 sudo apt update && sudo apt install balena-etcher-electron
 #+end_src
-Using Arch, Manjaro, or another distro using the AUR? Use this command instead:
+Using Arch, Manjaro, or another distribution using the Arch User Repository
+(AUR)? Use this command instead:
 #+begin_src sh
 sudo pacman -S etcher
 ** Atom
-[[https://atom.io][Atom]] is the self-proclaimed "hackable text editor for the 21st century". This
+[[https://atom.io][Atom]] is the self-proclaimed "hackable text editor for the 21st century". GitHub
-text editor is made by GitHub, [[https://news.microsoft.com/2018/06/04/microsoft-to-acquire-github-for-7-5-billion/][now owned by Microsoft]], and has some of the best
+develops this editor, [[https://news.microsoft.com/2018/06/04/microsoft-to-acquire-github-for-7-5-billion/][now owned by Microsoft]], and has some of the best add-ons
-add-ons available to customize the layout and abilities of the app.
+available to customize the layout and abilities of the app.
 First, add the Atom repository to your sources.
 sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:webupd8team/atom
 #+end_src
-You can also install Atom as a snap package, but it must be installed with the
+You can also install Atom as a snap package, but you must install it with the
 =--classic= flag. A [[https://language-bash.com/blog/how-to-snap-introducing-classic-confinement][full explanation is available]] if you'd like to read more
 about why you need the classic flag.
 ** Visual Studio Code
-[[https://code.visualstudio.com][Visual Studio Code]] is yet another fantastic choice for programming on Linux,
+[[https://code.visualstudio.com][Visual Studio Code]] (VS Code) is yet another fantastic choice for programming on
-especially if you need those extra add-ons to spice up your late-night coding
+Linux, especially if you need those extra add-ons to spice up your late-night
-sessions. The theme used in the screenshot is [[https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=EliverLara.mars][Mars]] by theme creator [[https://github.com/EliverLara][Eliver Lara]],
+coding sessions. The theme used in the screenshot is [[https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=EliverLara.mars][Mars]] by theme creator
-who makes a ton of great themes for VS Code, Atom, and various Linux desktop
+[[https://github.com/EliverLara][Eliver Lara]], who makes a ton of great themes for VS Code, Atom, and Linux
-environments.
+desktop environments.
 To install VS Code, you'll need to download the =.deb= file from the official
 website. Once you've downloaded the file, either double-click it to install
 sudo dpkg -i FILE_NAME.deb
 #+end_src
-You can also install VS Code as a snap package, but it must be installed with
+You can also install VS Code as a snap package, but you must install it with the
-the =--classic= flag. A [[https://language-bash.com/blog/how-to-snap-introducing-classic-confinement][full explanation is available]] if you'd like to read more
+=--classic= flag. A [[https://language-bash.com/blog/how-to-snap-introducing-classic-confinement][full explanation is available]] if you'd like to read more
 about why you need the classic flag.
 #+begin_src sh
 ** Steam
 [[https://steampowered.com][Steam]] is one of the most popular gaming libraries for computers and is one of
-the main reasons that many people have been able to switch to Linux in recent
+the main reasons that people have been able to switch to Linux in recent years,
-years, thanks to Steam Proton, which makes it easier to play games not
+thanks to Steam Proton, which makes it easier to play games not officially
-officially created for Linux platforms.
+created for Linux platforms.
 To install Steam on Ubuntu, you just need to install the official package.
 ** yt-dlp
-[[https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp][yt-dlp]] is an extremely handy command-line tool that allows you to download video
+[[https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp][yt-dlp]] is a handy command-line tool that allows you to download video or audio
-or audio files from various websites, such as YouTube. There are a ton of
+files from websites, such as YouTube. There are a ton of different options when
-different options when running this package, so be sure to run =yt-dlp --help=
+running this package, so be sure to run =yt-dlp --help= first to look through
-first to look through everything you can do (or give up and search for the best
+everything you can do (or give up and search for the best configuration online).
-config online).
 While this shouldn't be a problem for most users, yt-dlp requires Python 2.6,
 2.7, or 3.2+ to work correctly, so install Python if you don't have it already.
 /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp
 #+end_src
-Finally, make the file executable so that it can be run from the command-line.
+Finally, make the file executable so that you can run it from the command-line.
 #+begin_src sh
 sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp

content/blog/2020-01-26-steam-on-ntfs.org +18 −17

	@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@ If you want to see how to install Steam on Linux, see my other post: [[../linux-
9	Software]].	9	Software]].
10		10
11	Are you having trouble launching games, even though they've installed correctly?	11	Are you having trouble launching games, even though they've installed correctly?
12	This may happen if you're storing your games on an NTFS-formatted drive. This	12	This may happen if you're storing your games on an NT File System
13	shouldn't be an issue if you're storing your games on the same drive that Steam	13	(NTFS)-formatted drive. This shouldn't be an issue if you're storing your games
14	is on, but some gamers prefer to put Steam on their main drive and game files on	14	on the same drive that Steam is on, but some gamers prefer to put Steam on their
15	another SSD or HDD.	15	main drive and game files on another solid state drive (SSD) or hard disk drive
16		16	(HDD).
17	To fix this problem, you'll need to try a few things. First, you'll need to	17
18	install the =ntfs-3g= package, which is meant for better interoperability with	18	To fix this problem, you'll need to try two things. First, you'll need to
		19	install the =ntfs-3g= package, which allows for better interoperability with
19	Linux.	20	Linux.
20		21
21	#+begin_src sh	22	#+begin_src sh
	@@ -38,9 +39,9 @@ For example:
38	mkdir /mnt/steam_library	39	mkdir /mnt/steam_library
39	#+end_src	40	#+end_src
40		41
41	To automatically mount drives upon system boot, you will need to collect a few	42	To automatically mount drives upon system boot, you will need to collect five
42	items. The UUID is the identification number connected to whichever drive you're	43	items. The universally unique identifier (UUID) is the identification number
43	using to store Steam games.	44	connected to whichever drive you're using to store Steam games.
44		45
45	Drives are usually labeled similar to =/dev/nvme0n1p1= or =/dev/sda1=, so you'll	46	Drives are usually labeled similar to =/dev/nvme0n1p1= or =/dev/sda1=, so you'll
46	need to find the line in the output of the command below that correlates to your	47	need to find the line in the output of the command below that correlates to your
	@@ -50,8 +51,8 @@ drive and copy the UUID over to the =/etc/fstab= file.
50	sudo blkid \| grep UUID=	51	sudo blkid \| grep UUID=
51	#+end_src	52	#+end_src
52		53
53	Next, you'll need your =uid= and =gid=. To find these, run the following	54	Next, you'll need your user identified (=uid=) and group identifier (=gid=). To
54	command:	55	find these, run the following command:
55		56
56	#+begin_src sh	57	#+begin_src sh
57	id -u && id -g	58	id -u && id -g
	@@ -71,13 +72,13 @@ Each drive you want to mount on boot should have its own line in the
71	UUID=B64E53824E5339F7 /mnt/steam_library ntfs-3g uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0	72	UUID=B64E53824E5339F7 /mnt/steam_library ntfs-3g uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0
72	#+end_src	73	#+end_src
73		74
74	Now all you need to do is unmount your drive and re-mount it. You can unmount
75	the drive by doing this (be sure to use the correct drive name here):
76
77	#+begin_src sh	75	#+begin_src sh
78	sudo umount /dev/sdxX	76	sudo umount /dev/sdxX
79	#+end_src	77	#+end_src
80		78
		79	Now all you need to do is unmount your drive and re-mount it. You can unmount
		80	the drive by doing this (be sure to use the correct drive name here):
		81
81	You can re-mount all your drives by executing the following:	82	You can re-mount all your drives by executing the following:
82		83
83	#+begin_src sh	84	#+begin_src sh
	@@ -85,5 +86,5 @@ sudo mount -a
85	#+end_src	86	#+end_src
86		87
87	If you don't know what your drive name is, or you're nervous about unmounting	88	If you don't know what your drive name is, or you're nervous about unmounting
88	and re-mounting, simply reboot your computer, and it will be done for you	89	and re-mounting, simply reboot your computer, and the system will mount the
89	automatically.	90	drive for you automatically.

content/blog/2020-02-09-cryptography-basics.org +7 −7

content/blog/2020-03-25-session-messenger.org +10 −10

	@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
7		7
8	The company behind Session (Loki Foundation) is from Australia. If you didn't	8	The company behind Session (Loki Foundation) is from Australia. If you didn't
9	know, Australia has introduced [[https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/legislation/bills/r6195_aspassed/toc_pdf/18204b01.pdf][legislation]] mandating companies comply with	9	know, Australia has introduced [[https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/legislation/bills/r6195_aspassed/toc_pdf/18204b01.pdf][legislation]] mandating companies comply with
10	government requests to build backdoor access into applications. For more	10	government requests to build back door access into applications. For more
11	information, read my article on [[./2020-01-25-aes-encryption.html][AES Encryption]].	11	information, read my article on [[./2020-01-25-aes-encryption.html][AES Encryption]].
12		12
13	* About Session	13	* About Session
	@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Since most people are looking for an alternative to a popular chat app, I am
41	going to list out the features that Session has so that you are able to	41	going to list out the features that Session has so that you are able to
42	determine if the app would suit your needs:	42	determine if the app would suit your needs:
43		43
44	- Multiple device linking (via QR code or ID)	44	- Multiple device linking [via a quick-response (QR) code or identifier (ID)]
45	- App locking via device screen lock, password, or fingerprint	45	- App locking via device screen lock, password, or fingerprint
46	- Screenshot blocking	46	- Screenshot blocking
47	- Incognito keyboard	47	- Incognito keyboard
	@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ determine if the app would suit your needs:
55	* Downloads	55	* Downloads
56		56
57	I have tested this app on Ubuntu 19.10, Android 10, macOS Monterey, and iOS 15.	57	I have tested this app on Ubuntu 19.10, Android 10, macOS Monterey, and iOS 15.
58	All apps have worked well without many issues.	58	All apps have worked well without issue.
59		59
60	Below is a brief overview of the Session app on Linux. To get this app, you'll	60	Below is a brief overview of the Session app on Linux. To get this app, you'll
61	need to go to the [[https://getsession.org/download/][Downloads]] page and click to link to the operating system	61	need to go to the [[https://getsession.org/download/][Downloads]] page and click to link to the operating system
	@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ password, you will need to enter it every time you open the app.
81		81
82	Once you've created your account and set up your profile details, the next step	82	Once you've created your account and set up your profile details, the next step
83	is to start messaging other people. To do so, you'll need to share your Session	83	is to start messaging other people. To do so, you'll need to share your Session
84	ID with other people. From this point, it's fairly straightforward and acts like	84	ID with other people. From this point, it's straightforward and acts like any
85	any other messaging app, so I won't dive into much detail here.	85	other messaging app, so I won't dive into much detail here.
86		86
87	** macOS	87	** macOS
88		88
	@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ pop-up box explaining the process that Session uses to hide your IP address:
91		91
92	** iOS	92	** iOS
93		93
94	The mobile app is quite simple and effective, giving you all the standard mobile	94	The mobile app is simple and effective, giving you all the standard mobile
95	messaging options you'd expect.	95	messaging options you'd expect.
96		96
97	* Potential Issues	97	* Potential Issues
	@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ I've discovered one annoying issue that would prevent from using this app
100	regularly. On a mobile device, there have been issues with receiving messages on	100	regularly. On a mobile device, there have been issues with receiving messages on
101	time. Even with battery optimization disabled and no network restrictions,	101	time. Even with battery optimization disabled and no network restrictions,
102	Session notifications sometimes do not display until I open the app or the	102	Session notifications sometimes do not display until I open the app or the
103	conversation itself and wait a few moments. This is actually one of the reasons	103	conversation itself and wait. This is actually one of the reasons I stopped
104	I stopped using Signal (this seems fixed as of my updates in 2021/2022, so I	104	using Signal (this seems fixed as of my updates in 2021/2022, so I wouldn't
105	wouldn't worry about this issue anymore).	105	worry about this issue anymore).
106		106
107	Looking for another messenger instead of Session? I recommend Signal, Matrix,	107	Looking for another messenger instead of Session? I recommend Signal, Matrix,
108	and IRC.	108	and internet relay chat (IRC).

content/blog/2020-05-03-homelab.org +16 −11

	@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
5		5
6	* What is a Homelab?	6	* What is a Homelab?
7		7
8	Starting as a developer, I have largely stayed away from hardware-based hobbies	8	Starting as a developer, I have stayed away from hardware-based hobbies (other
9	(other than building a gaming desktop). However, as the quarantine for COVID-19	9	than building a gaming desktop). However, as the quarantine for COVID-19
10	stretches out further and further, I found myself bored and in search of new	10	stretches out further and further, I found myself bored and in search of new
11	hobbies. After spending the last few months browsing the [[https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/][r/homelab]] subreddit, I	11	hobbies. After spending the last few months browsing the [[https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/][r/homelab]] subreddit, I
12	decided it was time to jump in and try things out for myself.	12	decided it was time to jump in and try things out for myself.
13		13
14	Since I am a beginner and just recently graduated from college, everything I've	14	Since I am a beginner and just recently graduated from college, everything I've
15	done so far in my homelab is fairly low-budget.	15	done so far in my homelab is low-budget.
16		16
17	* Hardware	17	* Hardware
18		18
	@@ -50,14 +50,15 @@ Here are the specifications for the Dell Optiplex 5040:
50		50
51	While this hardware would be awful for a work computer or a gaming rig, it	51	While this hardware would be awful for a work computer or a gaming rig, it
52	turned out to be wonderful for my server purposes. The only limitation I have	52	turned out to be wonderful for my server purposes. The only limitation I have
53	found so far is the CPU. The i3-6100 only has enough power for a single 4k video	53	found so far is the central processing unit (CPU). The i3-6100 only has enough
54	transcode at a time. I haven't tested more than three 1080p streams at a time,	54	power for a single 4k video transcode at a time. I haven't tested more than
55	but the maximum amount of streams I've ever actually used is two.	55	three 1080p streams at a time, but the maximum amount of streams I've ever
		56	actually used is two.
56		57
57	** WD easystore 10TB & 8TB	58	** WD easystore 10TB & 8TB
58		59
59	Application storage and temporary files are stored on the internal hard drive of	60	Application storage and temporary files are stored on the internal hard drive of
60	the server, but all media files (movies, tv, games, books, etc) are stored	61	the server, but all media files (movies, television, games, books, etc) are stored
61	externally on my WD easystore hard drive. Creating auto-boot configurations in	62	externally on my WD easystore hard drive. Creating auto-boot configurations in
62	the =/etc/fstab= file on my server allows the hard drives to automatically mount	63	the =/etc/fstab= file on my server allows the hard drives to automatically mount
63	whenever I need to restart my server.	64	whenever I need to restart my server.
	@@ -65,7 +66,8 @@ whenever I need to restart my server.
65	#+begin_quote	66	#+begin_quote
66	Update: In March 2022, I shucked the hard drives out of their external cases,	67	Update: In March 2022, I shucked the hard drives out of their external cases,
67	put some Kapton tape on the third power pin to prevent power shutdowns, and	68	put some Kapton tape on the third power pin to prevent power shutdowns, and
68	stuck them inside my server tower using internal SATA cables.	69	stuck them inside my server tower using internal Serial AT Attachment (SATA)
		70	cables.
69	#+end_quote	71	#+end_quote
70		72
71	** Netgear Unmanaged Switch	73	** Netgear Unmanaged Switch
	@@ -78,15 +80,18 @@ unmanaged switch, but I am comfortable with the choice.
78	** TP-Link Managed Switch	80	** TP-Link Managed Switch
79		81
80	Since I use the unmanaged switch to group all living room devices together, I	82	Since I use the unmanaged switch to group all living room devices together, I
81	use the managed switch to configure VLANs and secure my network.	83	use the managed switch to configure virtual local area networks (VLANs) and
		84	secure my network.
82		85
83	** Arris TM1602A Modem & Sagecom Fast 5280 Router	86	** Arris TM1602A Modem & Sagecom Fast 5280 Router
84		87
85	My default modem and router, provided by my ISP, are fairly standard. The Arris	88	My default modem and router, provided by my ISP, are fairly standard. The Arris
86	modem supports DOCSIS 3.0, which is something that I definitely wanted as a	89	modem supports DOCSIS 3.0, which is something that I definitely wanted as a
87	minimum. The Sagecom router is also standard, no fancy bells or whistles.	90	minimum. The Sagecom router is also standard, no fancy bells or whistles.
88	However, it does support DHCP and DHCPv6, which is something you can use to	91	However, it does support the dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) for
89	route all household traffic through a pi-hole or firewall.	92	internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) and internet protocol version 6 (IPv6), which
		93	is something iyou can use to route all household traffic through a pi-hole or
		94	firewall.
90		95
91	** TP-Link EAP	96	** TP-Link EAP
92		97

content/blog/2020-05-19-customizing-ubuntu.org +5 −5

content/blog/2020-07-26-business-analysis.org +6 −6

	@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
36	#+end_src	36	#+end_src
37		37
38	To begin our analysis, we need to import the data for this project. The data we	38	To begin our analysis, we need to import the data for this project. The data we
39	are using in this project comes directly from the Foursquare API. The first step	39	are using in this project comes directly from the Foursquare application
40	is to get the latitude and longitude of the city being studied (Lincoln, NE) and	40	programming interface (API). The first step is to get the latitude and longitude
41	setting up the folium map.	41	of the city being studied (Lincoln, NE) and setting up the folium map.
42		42
43	#+begin_src python	43	#+begin_src python
44	# Define the latitude and longitude, then map the results	44	# Define the latitude and longitude, then map the results
	@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ results3 = requests.get(url3).json()
119		119
120	Now that we have our data in three separate dataframes, we need to combine them	120	Now that we have our data in three separate dataframes, we need to combine them
121	into a single dataframe and make sure to reset the index so that we have a	121	into a single dataframe and make sure to reset the index so that we have a
122	unique ID for each business. The =get~categorytype~= function below will pull	122	unique ID for each business. The =get_category_type= function below will pull
123	the categories and name from each business's entry in the Foursquare data	123	the categories and name from each business's entry in the Foursquare data
124	automatically. Once all the data has been labeled and combined, the results are	124	automatically. Once all the data has been labeled and combined, the results are
125	stored in the =nearby_venues= dataframe.	125	stored in the =nearby_venues= dataframe.
	@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ as close as possible to each other, while being as far as possible away from
221	other clusters.	221	other clusters.
222		222
223	However, we first have to figure out how many clusters to use (defined as the	223	However, we first have to figure out how many clusters to use (defined as the
224	variable /'k'/). To do so, we will use the next two functions to calculate the	224	variable 'k'). To do so, we will use the next two functions to calculate the sum
225	sum of squares within clusters and then return the optimal number of clusters.	225	of squares within clusters and then return the optimal number of clusters.
226		226
227	#+begin_src python	227	#+begin_src python
228	# This function will return the sum of squares found in the data	228	# This function will return the sum of squares found in the data

content/blog/2020-08-22-redirect-github-pages.org +11 −11

 ** Step 1
-Add a new file CNAME to your GitHub Pages repository containing only one line:
+Add a new file called =CNAME= (canonical name) to your GitHub Pages repository
-your top-level domain name. E.g.: =example.com=
+containing only one line: your top-level domain name. E.g.: =example.com=
 ** Step 2
 2.1: Remove all other top-level records (prefixed with @) of type A from your
 DNS configuration.
-2.2: Remove a CNAME record for the second-level domain www if it is present.
+2.2: Remove a CNAME record for the second-level domain =www=, if it is present.
 ** Step 3
-Add these 5 entries to the very top of your DNS configuration:
+Add these 5 entries to the very top of your domain name system (DNS)
+configuration:
 #+begin_src txt
 @        A        185.199.108.153
 * Long answer
 This issue has two sides. One is the DNS configuration itself. Another one is
-the way GitHub Pages will forward HTTP requests.
+the way GitHub Pages will forward hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) requests.
 We need to know a few things to understand what GitHub is trying to say in their
 documentation.
 =A= is also known as =Apex= or sometimes as =root entry=. It forwards requests
 to a specified fixed IP address. =CNAME= entry forwards requests to a specified
-URL (actual valid plain text URL, not an IP address).
+URL (actual valid plain text URL, not an internet protocol (IP) address).
 ** DNS Load balancing
 ** How GitHub Pages treats HTTP requests
-After a DNS request for =your_github_username.github.io= is resolved
+After a DNS request for =your_github_username.github.io= is resolved into an IP
-into an IP address, e.g. =185.199.108.153= your browser sends an HTTP
+address, e.g. =185.199.108.153= your browser sends an HTTP request to that
-request to that server with an HTTP header =Host=. Below are =curl=
+server with an HTTP header =Host=. Below are =curl= examples that load the same
-examples that load the same website (these examples might not work if
+website (these examples might not work if you are behind a proxy server):
-you are behind a proxy server):
 #+begin_src sh
 curl --header "Host: your_github_username.github.io" http://185.199.108.153/

content/blog/2020-08-29-php-auth-flow.org +3 −2

	@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
7		7
8	When creating websites that will allow users to create accounts, the developer	8	When creating websites that will allow users to create accounts, the developer
9	always needs to consider the proper authentication flow for their app. For	9	always needs to consider the proper authentication flow for their app. For
10	example, some developers will utilize an API for authentication, some will use	10	example, some developers will utilize an application programming interface (API)
11	OAuth, and some may just use their own simple database.	11	for authentication, some will use OAuth, and some may just use their own simple
		12	database.
12		13
13	For those using pre-built libraries, authentication may simply be a problem of	14	For those using pre-built libraries, authentication may simply be a problem of
14	copying and pasting the code from their library's documentation. For example,	15	copying and pasting the code from their library's documentation. For example,

content/blog/2020-09-01-visual-recognition.org +12 −12

content/blog/2020-09-22-internal-audit.org +4 −5

	@@ -50,11 +50,10 @@ evidence to provide opinions or conclusions regarding an entity, operation,
50	function, process, system, or other subject matters. The internal auditor	50	function, process, system, or other subject matters. The internal auditor
51	determines the nature and scope of an assurance engagement. Generally, three	51	determines the nature and scope of an assurance engagement. Generally, three
52	parties are participants in assurance services: (1) the person or group directly	52	parties are participants in assurance services: (1) the person or group directly
53	involved with the entity, operation, function, process, system, or other subject	53	involved with the entity, operation, function, process, system, or other
54		54	subject - (the process owner), (2) the person or group making the assessment -
55	- (the process owner), (2) the person or group making the assessment - (the	55	(the internal auditor), and (3) the person or group using the assessment - (the
56	internal auditor), and (3) the person or group using the assessment - (the	56	user).
57	user).
58		57
59	** Consulting	58	** Consulting
60		59

content/blog/2020-09-25-happiness-map.org +1 −1

	@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Some countries need to be renamed, or they will be lost when you merge the
76	happiness and GeoJSON dataframes. This is something I discovered when the map	76	happiness and GeoJSON dataframes. This is something I discovered when the map
77	below showed empty countries. I searched both data frames for the missing	77	below showed empty countries. I searched both data frames for the missing
78	countries to see the naming differences. Any countries that do not have records	78	countries to see the naming differences. Any countries that do not have records
79	in the =happy_data= df will not show up on the map.	79	in the =happy_data= data frame will not show up on the map.
80		80
81	#+begin_src python	81	#+begin_src python
82	# Rename some countries to match our GeoJSON data	82	# Rename some countries to match our GeoJSON data

content/blog/2020-12-27-website-redesign.org +11 −11

	@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ anything on my main webpage that's vital, it allows me the freedom to change
19	things as inspiration strikes.	19	things as inspiration strikes.
20		20
21	Historically, I've relied on core utilities for spacing, components, and layouts	21	Historically, I've relied on core utilities for spacing, components, and layouts
22	from [[https://getbootstrap.com][Bootstrap]] and added custom CSS for fonts, accents, colors, and other items.	22	from [[https://getbootstrap.com][Bootstrap]] and added custom cascading style sheets (CSS) for fonts, accents,
23	I also tend to create sites with no border radius on items, visible borders, and	23	colors, and other items. I also tend to create sites with no border radius on
24	content that takes up the entire screen (using whitespace inside components	24	items, visible borders, and content that takes up the entire screen (using
25	instead of whitespace around my components).	25	whitespace inside components instead of whitespace around my components).
26		26
27	* The Redesign Process	27	* The Redesign Process
28		28
	@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ transferred (22 KB total), and my blog is at 6.5 KB transferred (13 KB total).
75	That means the redesigned pages are less than 2% the size of the old designs.	75	That means the redesigned pages are less than 2% the size of the old designs.
76		76
77	Google Lighthouse ranks the new webpage as 100 in performance, accessibility,	77	Google Lighthouse ranks the new webpage as 100 in performance, accessibility,
78	and best practices, with SEO at 92 since they think tap targets are not sized	78	and best practices, with search engine optimization (SEO) at 92 since they think
79	appropriately for mobile users. First contextual paints of the pages are under	79	tap targets are not sized appropriately for mobile users. First contextual
80	0.8 seconds with 0 ms of blocking time. However, the blog subdomain ranks at 100	80	paints of the pages are under 0.8 seconds with 0 ms (millisecond) of blocking
81	for all four categories! First contextual paints of the blog homepage are under	81	time. However, the blog subdomain ranks at 100 for all four categories! First
82	1.0 seconds with 0 ms of blocking time, due to the fact that the CSS for my blog	82	contextual paints of the blog homepage are under 1.0 seconds with 0 ms of
83	is within a separate CSS file, and the CSS for my main website is simply	83	blocking time, due to the fact that the CSS for my blog is within a separate CSS
84	embedded in the HTML file.	84	file, and the CSS for my main website is simply embedded in the HTML file.
85		85
86	Now that everything is complete, I can confidently say I'm happy with the result	86	Now that everything is complete, I can confidently say I'm happy with the result
87	and proud to look at the fastest set of websites I've created so far.	87	and proud to look at the fastest set of websites I've created so far.

	@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ data to an intelligible form.
26		26
27	Cryptography cannot offer protection against the loss of data; it simply offers	27	Cryptography cannot offer protection against the loss of data; it simply offers
28	encryption methods to protect data at-rest and data in-traffic. At a high-level,	28	encryption methods to protect data at-rest and data in-traffic. At a high-level,
29	encrypted is when plaintext data is encrypted to ciphertext (a secure form of	29	encrypted is when plain text data is encrypted to cipher text (a secure form of
30	text that cannot be understood unless decrypted back to plaintext). The	30	text that cannot be understood unless decrypted back to plain text). The
31	encryption process is completed through the use of a mathematical function that	31	encryption process is completed through the use of a mathematical function that
32	utilizes one or more values called keys to encrypt or decrypt the data.	32	utilizes one or more values called keys to encrypt or decrypt the data.
33		33
	@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pieces to the system:
41	- Encryption Key: A string of bits used within the encryption algorithm as the	41	- Encryption Key: A string of bits used within the encryption algorithm as the
42	secret that allows successful encryption or decryption of data.	42	secret that allows successful encryption or decryption of data.
43	- Key Length (Size): The maximum number of bits within the encryption key.	43	- Key Length (Size): The maximum number of bits within the encryption key.
44	It's important to remember that key size is regulated in many countries.	44	It's important to remember that key size is regulated in certain countries.
45	- Message Digest: A smaller, fixed-size bit string version of the original	45	- Message Digest: A smaller, fixed-size bit string version of the original
46	message. This is practically infeasible to reverse, which is why it's commonly	46	message. This is practically infeasible to reverse, which is why it's commonly
47	used to verify integrity.	47	used to verify integrity.
	@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ security while using fewer resources.
102		102
103	* Applications of Cryptographic Systems	103	* Applications of Cryptographic Systems
104		104
105	There are quite a few implementations of cryptographic systems around the world.	105	There are numerous implementations of cryptographic systems around the world.
106	Here are a few popular examples:	106	Here are six popular examples:
107		107
108	Transport Layer Security (TLS): One of the most famous cryptographic solutions	108	Transport Layer Security (TLS): One of the most famous cryptographic solutions
109	created is TLS, a session-layered or connection-layered internet protocol that	109	created is TLS, a session-layered or connection-layered internet protocol that
	@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ encryption method for Windows Active Directory (AD).
148	* Cybersecurity Controls	148	* Cybersecurity Controls
149		149
150	If you're someone who needs solutions on how to control risks associated with	150	If you're someone who needs solutions on how to control risks associated with
151	utilizing a crytograhpic system, start with a few basic controls:	151	utilizing a crytograhpic system, start with these basic controls:
152		152
153	- Policies: A policy on the use of cryptographic controls for protection of	153	- Policies: A policy on the use of cryptographic controls for protection of
154	information is implemented and is in accordance with organizational	154	information is implemented and is in accordance with organizational
	@@ -162,4 +162,4 @@ utilizing a crytograhpic system, start with a few basic controls:
162	the business of the organization, robust, and align with recommended	162	the business of the organization, robust, and align with recommended
163	guidelines.	163	guidelines.
164	- Protocol configuration: Protocols have been reviewed and configured suitable	164	- Protocol configuration: Protocols have been reviewed and configured suitable
165	to the purpose of the business.\ No newline at end of file	165	to the purpose of the business.

	@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
5		5
6	* More Information	6	* More Information
7		7
8	For inspiration on designing your *nix computer, check out the	8	For inspiration on designing your *nix computer, check out the [[https://libredd.it/r/unixporn][r/unixporn]]
9	[[https://libredd.it/r/unixporn][r/unixporn]] subreddit!	9	subreddit!
10		10
11	* Customizing Ubuntu	11	* Customizing Ubuntu
12		12
	@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ default on Ubuntu. You might even like some of the pre-installed options.
36	** GNOME Application Themes	36	** GNOME Application Themes
37		37
38	To change the themes applied to applications in GNOME, you will need to change	38	To change the themes applied to applications in GNOME, you will need to change
39	the Applications dropdown in the Appearance section of Tweaks. To add more	39	the Applications drop-down in the Appearance section of Tweaks. To add more
40	themes, you will have to find your preferred theme online and follow the steps	40	themes, you will have to find your preferred theme online and follow the steps
41	below to have it show up in the Tweaks tool. While you may find themes anywhere,	41	below to have it show up in the Tweaks tool. While you may find themes anywhere,
42	one of the most popular sites for GNOME themes is [[https://www.gnome-look.org/][gnome-look.org]]. This website	42	one of the most popular sites for GNOME themes is [[https://www.gnome-look.org/][gnome-look.org]]. This website
	@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Steps to import themes into Tweaks:
55	can move them to the =/usr/share/fonts/opentype/= or	55	can move them to the =/usr/share/fonts/opentype/= or
56	=/usr/share/fonts/opentype/= folders, if you have a specific font type.	56	=/usr/share/fonts/opentype/= folders, if you have a specific font type.
57	4. Close tweaks if it is open. Re-open Tweaks and your new theme will be	57	4. Close tweaks if it is open. Re-open Tweaks and your new theme will be
58	available in the Applications dropdown in the Appearance section of Tweaks.	58	available in the Applications drop-down in the Appearance section of Tweaks.
59		59
60	If the theme is not showing up after you've moved it into the themes folder, you	60	If the theme is not showing up after you've moved it into the themes folder, you
61	may have uncompressed the folder into a sub-folder. You can check this by	61	may have uncompressed the folder into a sub-folder. You can check this by
	@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ instead.
113	If you spend a lot of time typing commands, you know how important the style and	113	If you spend a lot of time typing commands, you know how important the style and
114	functionality of the terminal is. After spending a lot of time using the default	114	functionality of the terminal is. After spending a lot of time using the default
115	GNOME terminal with [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)][unix shell]], I decided to try some different options. I ended	115	GNOME terminal with [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)][unix shell]], I decided to try some different options. I ended
116	up choosing [[https://terminator-gtk3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/][Terminator]] with [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_shell][zsh]].	116	up choosing [[https://terminator-gtk3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/][Terminator]] with [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_shell][zsh]] (Z Shell).
117		117
118	Terminator is great if you need to open multiple terminals at one time by simply	118	Terminator is great if you need to open multiple terminals at one time by simply
119	right-clicking and splitting the screen into as many terminals as you want.	119	right-clicking and splitting the screen into as many terminals as you want.

	@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@
5		5
6	* What is IBM Watson?	6	* What is IBM Watson?
7		7
8	If you've never heard of [[https://www.ibm.com/watson][Watson]], this service is a suite of enterprise-ready AI	8	If you've never heard of [[https://www.ibm.com/watson][Watson]], this service is a suite of enterprise-ready
9	services, applications, and tooling provided by IBM. Watson contains quite a few	9	artificial intelligence (AI) services, applications, and tooling provided by
10	useful tools for data scientists and students, including the subject of this	10	IBM. Watson contains quite a few useful tools for data scientists and students,
11	post today: visual recognition.	11	including the subject of this post today: visual recognition.
12		12
13	If you'd like to view the official documentation for the Visual Recognition API,	13	If you'd like to view the official documentation for the Visual Recognition
14	visit the [[https://cloud.ibm.com/apidocs/visual-recognition/visual-recognition-v3?code=python][API Docs]].	14	application programming interface (API), visit the [[https://cloud.ibm.com/apidocs/visual-recognition/visual-recognition-v3?code=python][API Docs]].
15		15
16	* Prerequisites	16	* Prerequisites
17		17
	@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ To be able to use Watson Visual Recognition, you'll need the following:
19		19
20	1. Create a free account on [[https://www.ibm.com/cloud/watson-studio][IBM Watson Studio]].	20	1. Create a free account on [[https://www.ibm.com/cloud/watson-studio][IBM Watson Studio]].
21	2. Add the [[https://www.ibm.com/cloud/watson-visual-recognition][Watson Visual Recognition]] service to your IBM Watson account.	21	2. Add the [[https://www.ibm.com/cloud/watson-visual-recognition][Watson Visual Recognition]] service to your IBM Watson account.
22	3. Get your API key and URL. To do this, first go to the [[https://dataplatform.cloud.ibm.com/home2?context=cpdaas][profile dashboard]] for	22	3. Get your API key and URL (uniform resource locator). To do this, first go to
23	your IBM account and click on the Watson Visual Recognition service you	23	the [[https://dataplatform.cloud.ibm.com/home2?context=cpdaas][profile dashboard]] for your IBM account and click on the Watson Visual
24	created. This will be listed in the section titled Your services. Then	24	Recognition service you created. This will be listed in the section titled
25	click the Credentials tab and open the Auto-generated credentials	25	Your services. Then click the Credentials tab and open the
26	dropdown. Copy your API key and URL so that you can use them in the Python	26	Auto-generated credentials dropdown. Copy your API key and URL so that you
27	script later.	27	can use them in the Python script later.
28	4. [Optional] While not required, you can also create the Jupyter Notebook for	28	4. [Optional] While not required, you can also create the Jupyter Notebook for
29	this project right inside [[https://www.ibm.com/cloud/watson-studio][Watson Studio]]. Watson Studio will save your	29	this project right inside [[https://www.ibm.com/cloud/watson-studio][Watson Studio]]. Watson Studio will save your
30	notebooks inside an organized project and allow you to use their other	30	notebooks inside an organized project and allow you to use their other

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