internal/gitutil/gitutil.go

343 lines · 13098 bytes

  1// Package gitutil wraps the system git binary. All repository access goes
  2// through git subprocesses; there is no in-process git implementation.
  3package gitutil
  4
  5import (
  6	"context"
  7	"fmt"
  8	"io"
  9	"io/fs"
 10	"os"
 11	"os/exec"
 12	"path/filepath"
 13	"strings"
 14
 15	"gitbay.org/gitbay/internal/toolpath"
 16)
 17
 18// InitBare creates a bare repository with the shared hooks directory wired
 19// via core.hooksPath.
 20func InitBare(path, defaultBranch, hooksPath string) error {
 21	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0o750); err != nil {
 22		return err
 23	}
 24	cmd := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "init", "--bare", "--initial-branch="+defaultBranch, path)
 25	if out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
 26		return fmt.Errorf("git init: %v\n%s", err, out)
 27	}
 28	cmd = exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", path, "config", "core.hooksPath", hooksPath)
 29	if out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
 30		return fmt.Errorf("git config core.hooksPath: %v\n%s", err, out)
 31	}
 32	return nil
 33}
 34
 35// Transport streams one git transport service (upload-pack, receive-pack,
 36// upload-archive). extraEnv entries are appended to the process environment;
 37// hooks read the GITBAY_* variables from it. maxPack caps incoming pack
 38// bytes on receive-pack (0 = unlimited). Closing cancel kills the service
 39// and everything it started; a push killed before its pre-receive hook
 40// answers updates no refs. A nil cancel never fires.
 41func Transport(service, repoPath string, stdin io.Reader, stdout, errW io.Writer, extraEnv []string, maxPack int64, cancel <-chan struct{}) error {
 42	var args []string
 43	switch service {
 44	case "git-upload-pack", "git-receive-pack", "git-upload-archive":
 45		if service == "git-receive-pack" && maxPack > 0 {
 46			args = []string{"-c", fmt.Sprintf("receive.maxInputSize=%d", maxPack)}
 47		}
 48		if service == "git-upload-pack" {
 49			// Keepalives while pack-objects is still counting keep a
 50			// healthy clone writing; a limited transport kills one that goes quiet.
 51			args = []string{"-c", "uploadpack.keepAlive=5"}
 52		}
 53		args = append(args, strings.TrimPrefix(service, "git-"), repoPath)
 54	default:
 55		return fmt.Errorf("unknown service %q", service)
 56	}
 57	cmd := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), args...)
 58	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), extraEnv...)
 59	cmd.Stdin = stdin
 60	cmd.Stdout = stdout
 61	cmd.Stderr = errW
 62	return RunUntil(cmd, cancel)
 63}
 64
 65// RunUntil runs cmd in its own process group. Closing cancel kills the
 66// group; RunUntil returns only once cmd has been waited for. A nil
 67// cancel never fires.
 68func RunUntil(cmd *exec.Cmd, cancel <-chan struct{}) error {
 69	ownProcessGroup(cmd)
 70	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
 71		return err
 72	}
 73	finished := make(chan struct{})
 74	go func() {
 75		select {
 76		case <-cancel:
 77			killTree(cmd)
 78		case <-finished:
 79		}
 80	}()
 81	err := cmd.Wait()
 82	close(finished)
 83	return err
 84}
 85
 86// IsAncestor reports whether old is an ancestor of new in the repository at
 87// dir. It must run with the caller's environment intact so that quarantined
 88// objects during pre-receive remain visible.
 89func IsAncestor(dir, old, new string) (bool, error) {
 90	cmd := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "merge-base", "--is-ancestor", old, new)
 91	err := cmd.Run()
 92	if err == nil {
 93		return true, nil
 94	}
 95	if ee, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok && ee.ExitCode() == 1 {
 96		return false, nil
 97	}
 98	return false, err
 99}
100
101// Reachable reports whether sha is reachable from some ref in the
102// repository at dir — the condition a clone must find true to have any
103// chance of checking it out. That includes refs outside refs/heads and
104// refs/tags: a merge request head fetched from a fork lives at
105// refs/merge-requests/<n>/head, and is exactly as fetchable as a branch
106// tip, so it must count as reachable too — a first pass of this function
107// restricted the check to branches and tags and read every fork MR's
108// queued build as unreachable, cancelling it. false comes from two
109// shapes, and Reachable does not need to tell them apart: the object is
110// already gone (pruned), or it is still in the object store but nothing
111// points at it any more (a force-push moved the branch, gc has not run
112// yet). Either way the answer is the same: no ref reaches it.
113//
114// A non-nil error means the check itself did not run to a clean answer —
115// missing repository, git failing for its own reasons — and false is
116// meaningless in that case. The caller must not read err as "unreachable":
117// that would cancel a build the check never actually looked at.
118func Reachable(dir, sha string) (bool, error) {
119	if _, err := os.Stat(dir); err != nil {
120		return false, fmt.Errorf("reachable %s: %w", sha, err)
121	}
122	// cat-file -e <object>, unpeeled, is git's own existence predicate with
123	// a documented exit code: 1 means the object is not there, the same
124	// contract IsAncestor above already trusts from merge-base
125	// --is-ancestor. Peeling to ^{commit} breaks that contract: a missing
126	// object then exits 128, indistinguishable from "not a git repository"
127	// or a corrupted one — the ambiguous case that must never read as
128	// "unreachable" and cancel a build the check never actually looked at.
129	err := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "cat-file", "-e", "--end-of-options", sha).Run()
130	if err != nil {
131		if ee, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok && ee.ExitCode() == 1 {
132			return false, nil
133		}
134		return false, fmt.Errorf("cat-file -e %s: %w", sha, err)
135	}
136	// The object exists; --contains lists every ref whose history includes
137	// it, with no namespace restriction — a branch, a tag, or a
138	// refs/merge-requests/<n>/head are equally "a ref reaches this", and
139	// that is the actual question, not whether it happens to be a branch
140	// or a tag. Empty output with no error is the force-push case: present
141	// in the object store, reachable from nothing.
142	out, err := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "for-each-ref",
143		"--count=1", "--format=x", "--contains="+sha).Output()
144	if err != nil {
145		return false, fmt.Errorf("for-each-ref --contains %s: %w", sha, err)
146	}
147	return len(out) > 0, nil
148}
149
150// ZeroSHA reports whether s is an all-zero object id (SHA-1 or SHA-256).
151func ZeroSHA(s string) bool {
152	if len(s) != 40 && len(s) != 64 {
153		return false
154	}
155	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
156		if s[i] != '0' {
157			return false
158		}
159	}
160	return true
161}
162
163// RevList returns up to limit commit SHAs reachable from ref, newest first.
164func RevList(dir, ref string, limit int) ([]string, error) {
165	cmd := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "rev-list", fmt.Sprintf("--max-count=%d", limit), "--end-of-options", ref)
166	out, err := cmd.Output()
167	if err != nil {
168		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rev-list %s: %w", ref, err)
169	}
170	var shas []string
171	for _, l := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), "\n") {
172		if l != "" {
173			shas = append(shas, l)
174		}
175	}
176	return shas, nil
177}
178
179// RevListPath returns up to limit commit SHAs reachable from ref that
180// touch filePath, newest first. The "--" keeps the path from ever being
181// read as an option or ref.
182func RevListPath(dir, ref, filePath string, limit int) ([]string, error) {
183	cmd := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "rev-list",
184		fmt.Sprintf("--max-count=%d", limit), "--end-of-options", ref, "--", filePath)
185	out, err := cmd.Output()
186	if err != nil {
187		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rev-list %s -- %s: %w", ref, filePath, err)
188	}
189	var shas []string
190	for _, l := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), "\n") {
191		if l != "" {
192			shas = append(shas, l)
193		}
194	}
195	return shas, nil
196}
197
198// PeelToCommit resolves a ref or object to its commit — annotated tags
199// peel to the commit they point at.
200func PeelToCommit(dir, ref string) (string, error) {
201	out, err := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "rev-parse", "--verify", "--end-of-options", ref+"^{commit}").Output()
202	if err != nil {
203		return "", fmt.Errorf("rev-parse %s^{commit}: %w", ref, err)
204	}
205	return strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), nil
206}
207
208// ReadCommit returns the raw commit object bytes.
209func ReadCommit(dir, sha string) ([]byte, error) {
210	cmd := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "cat-file", "commit", "--end-of-options", sha)
211	out, err := cmd.Output()
212	if err != nil {
213		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cat-file commit %s: %w", sha, err)
214	}
215	return out, nil
216}
217
218// FetchMirror pulls all branches, tags, and notes from a foreign URL into
219// the bare repository at dir, forcing updates. Progress streams to errW so
220// an interactive caller can watch. pin is git's leading -c options
221// (gitpin.Remote.Args); env is git's whole environment and carries
222// credentials via GIT_ASKPASS: the URL itself must never contain them.
223func FetchMirror(ctx context.Context, dir, url string, errW io.Writer, pin, env []string) error {
224	args := append(append([]string{}, pin...), "-C", dir, "fetch", "--progress", "--no-write-fetch-head", url,
225		"+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*",
226		"+refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*",
227		"+refs/notes/*:refs/notes/*")
228	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, toolpath.Look("git"), args...)
229	cmd.Env = env
230	cmd.Stderr = errW
231	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
232		return fmt.Errorf("fetch from %s: %w", url, err)
233	}
234	return nil
235}
236
237// FetchPullHeads pulls a GitHub repository's pull-request heads into
238// refs/gh-pull/*, so an imported pull request has something to diff.
239// GitHub publishes every PR head at refs/pull/<n>/head on the git remote,
240// but a mirror made with the default refspecs does not carry them, which
241// is why an import used to produce merge requests with no head at all.
242//
243// One fetch for every pull request rather than one each: the ref count is
244// the repository's history, and asking a hundred times is a hundred
245// handshakes. pin and env are as for FetchMirror; env carries
246// credentials via GIT_ASKPASS, and the URL must never contain them.
247func FetchPullHeads(ctx context.Context, dir, url string, errW io.Writer, pin, env []string) error {
248	args := append(append([]string{}, pin...), "-C", dir, "fetch", "--no-write-fetch-head", "--no-tags",
249		url, "+refs/pull/*/head:refs/gh-pull/*")
250	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, toolpath.Look("git"), args...)
251	cmd.Env = env
252	cmd.Stderr = errW
253	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
254		return fmt.Errorf("fetch pull heads from %s: %w", url, err)
255	}
256	return nil
257}
258
259// RemoteDefaultBranch asks the remote which branch HEAD points at,
260// running in the repository at dir. pin and env are as for FetchMirror.
261func RemoteDefaultBranch(ctx context.Context, dir, url string, pin, env []string) (string, error) {
262	args := append(append([]string{}, pin...), "-C", dir, "ls-remote", "--symref", url, "HEAD")
263	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, toolpath.Look("git"), args...)
264	cmd.Env = env
265	out, err := cmd.Output()
266	if err != nil {
267		return "", fmt.Errorf("ls-remote %s: %w", url, err)
268	}
269	// "ref: refs/heads/<branch>\tHEAD"
270	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(out), "\n") {
271		if rest, ok := strings.CutPrefix(line, "ref: refs/heads/"); ok {
272			if branch, _, ok := strings.Cut(rest, "\t"); ok {
273				return branch, nil
274			}
275		}
276	}
277	return "", fmt.Errorf("remote %s did not advertise a default branch", url)
278}
279
280// SetHead points the bare repo's HEAD at a branch.
281func SetHead(dir, branch string) error {
282	cmd := exec.Command(toolpath.Look("git"), "-C", dir, "symbolic-ref", "HEAD", "refs/heads/"+branch)
283	if out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
284		return fmt.Errorf("symbolic-ref: %v\n%s", err, out)
285	}
286	return nil
287}
288
289// gitDefaultDescription is the placeholder git init writes; treated as no
290// description at all.
291const gitDefaultDescription = "Unnamed repository; edit this file 'description' to name the repository."
292
293// ReadDescription returns the repo's description from the classic
294// <repo>.git/description file, empty for the git-init placeholder.
295func ReadDescription(dir string) string {
296	raw, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "description"))
297	if err != nil {
298		return ""
299	}
300	desc := strings.TrimSpace(string(raw))
301	if desc == gitDefaultDescription {
302		return ""
303	}
304	return desc
305}
306
307// WriteDescription sets the description file: first line only, capped.
308func WriteDescription(dir, desc string) error {
309	desc, _, _ = strings.Cut(strings.TrimSpace(desc), "\n")
310	if len(desc) > 256 {
311		desc = desc[:256]
312	}
313	return os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "description"), []byte(desc+"\n"), 0o644)
314}
315
316// DirSize sums file sizes under dir; unreadable entries count as zero.
317func DirSize(dir string) int64 {
318	var total int64
319	filepath.WalkDir(dir, func(_ string, d fs.DirEntry, err error) error {
320		if err != nil || d.IsDir() {
321			return nil
322		}
323		if fi, err := d.Info(); err == nil {
324			total += fi.Size()
325		}
326		return nil
327	})
328	return total
329}
330
331// Every git this package runs prints paths as they are, not quoted with
332// octal escapes the way core.quotepath does by default, so a file called
333// übersicht.txt lists, greps, blames and diffs under its own name.
334// GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS reaches every subprocess, hooks included,
335// without touching each call site (#129).
336func init() {
337	const q = "'core.quotepath=off'"
338	if cur := os.Getenv("GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS"); cur != "" {
339		os.Setenv("GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS", cur+" "+q)
340	} else {
341		os.Setenv("GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS", q)
342	}
343}